In an interview with ResponsibleUs, Prof. KK Aggarwal, President of South Asian University (a university established by SAARC nations), discussed the environment as a global problem and emphasised that it requires a global solution and collaborative efforts to protect it.
Q: What are the key factors contributing to climate change and global warming?
A: Extreme weather conditions like heatwaves and heavy rains are symptoms of climate change, largely driven by rapid development. Increased consumption, such as more cars and air conditioners, leads to higher emissions and worsens environmental conditions.
Q: How does development create a cycle that worsens climate problems?
A: Development increases the need for resources like cars and air conditioners, which in turn raises emissions and environmental heat. This worsens climate conditions, which then necessitates even more development to address the resulting issues, creating a vicious cycle.
Q: Which countries are most responsible for environmental degradation?
A: While all countries contribute to environmental degradation, developed countries are particularly responsible due to their higher consumption of electricity, coal, and gas. However, developing countries are also involved, though their contributions are often linked to necessary development.
Q: How can South Asian countries work together to address environmental challenges?
A: South Asian countries, especially those with shared challenges like coastal disasters and landslides, should pool their financial resources and academic expertise. By collaborating, they can develop better solutions to these problems, benefiting all involved nations.
Q: What role does economic strategy play in promoting sustainability?
A: Economic strategies are crucial. Making environmentally friendly products and practices cheaper and imposing higher costs on harmful activities can drive change. For example, renewable energy like solar power has become more accessible and should continue to be promoted.
Q: What are the challenges associated with electronic waste (e-waste)?
A: E-waste is a growing problem, with many households hoarding outdated electronics like mobile phones. Proper disposal methods need to be developed and scaled, and companies are beginning to realize the environmental impact of constantly replacing electronics.
Q: How effective is ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) reporting by companies?
A: There’s skepticism about the effectiveness of ESG reporting. While companies claim to be reducing their environmental impact, the continued pollution of rivers like the Ganges and Yamuna suggests that these reports may not reflect reality. More transparency and accountability are needed.
Q: What are some innovative solutions suggested for controlling pollution?
A: One suggestion is to install sensors in vehicle exhausts that would automatically fine drivers if pollution limits are exceeded. This kind of automatic enforcement could help reduce emissions and encourage more environmentally friendly behavior.
Q: What is the overall outlook on solving these environmental challenges?
A: The discussion emphasizes that while there are many challenges, there is also hope in collaboration, innovation, and a shift in priorities. Countries and companies need to take more serious action to address environmental issues effectively.