Beyond 45°C: India's Hottest Year Rings Alarm for Climate Preparedness
India faced its hottest year in 2024, with temperatures hitting 45°C in 37 cities, causing 733 heatstroke deaths and straining agriculture and infrastructure. Improved forecasting and stronger adaptation plans are critical to address this crisis.India recorded its hottest year in 2024, with 37 cities exceeding 45°C, leading to 733 heatstroke deaths and agricultural losses. Learn about the impacts and need for climate action.
India experienced its hottest year on record in 2024, with temperatures reaching unprecedented levels, according to the India Meteorological Department (IMD). The extreme heat, driven by climate change, caused significant health, agricultural, and economic impacts, raising concerns about the country’s preparedness for future climate challenges.
The IMD reported that 2024 saw record-breaking temperatures across India, with 37 cities surpassing 45°C between March and June. The year was marked by severe heatwaves, particularly in Northwest India, with temperatures in Rajasthan’s Jodhpur and Bikaner divisions reaching 44-46°C in late April.
Nighttime temperatures also hit historic highs, with Alwar, Rajasthan, recording 37°C on June 18, the highest in 55 years. The IMD noted that nighttime temperatures rose faster than daytime ones, increasing health risks. A report by HeatWatch identified 733 heatstroke deaths, far exceeding the official count of 360, highlighting underreporting issues.
Heatwaves affected 57% of India’s districts, home to 76% of the population, according to the Council on Energy, Environment and Water. These conditions strained agriculture, with crops suffering from heat and water shortages, and increased electricity demand, exacerbating power shortages.
The IMD’s improved forecasting, with 90% accuracy for day-one heatwave predictions, helped issue warnings, but weak Heat Action Plans and poor inter-departmental coordination limited their effectiveness.
Conclusion
India’s record-breaking heat in 2024 underscores the growing threat of climate change. The impacts on health, agriculture, and infrastructure call for stronger adaptation measures, better data collection, and robust Heat Action Plans. Urgent action is needed to protect vulnerable populations and build resilience against future heatwaves.
Source: Outlook Business
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