Air Pollution’s Toll on India’s Health and Economy

Air pollution in India has escalated into a public health and economic crisis, affecting millions and straining healthcare systems and productivity. Urban centers like Delhi face severe air quality issues, demanding urgent action.

Air pollution contributes significantly to respiratory diseases, with Delhi hospitals reporting a 30-40% spike in cases during peak pollution periods. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and toxic pollutants increase risks of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and lung cancer. Children and the elderly are particularly vulnerable, with long-term exposure linked to developmental issues and premature mortality. Economically, pollution reduces workforce productivity, increases healthcare costs, and deters tourism and investment. Industries in polluted regions face higher operational costs due to health-related absenteeism and regulatory compliance. Agricultural yields suffer from smog and ozone, impacting food security. Despite initiatives like the National Clean Air Programme, progress is slow due to inconsistent enforcement, vehicular emissions, and crop burning. Gujarat’s cap-and-trade pollution market has reduced emissions by 30%, offering a model for scalable solutions. However, rapid urbanization and industrial growth continue to outpace mitigation efforts, necessitating stronger policies and public awareness.

Conclusion
India’s air pollution crisis requires coordinated action, including stricter regulations, cleaner technologies, and public engagement. Addressing this issue is critical for safeguarding health, boosting economic growth, and ensuring sustainable development.

Source: Outlook Business