The southwest monsoon in India has reached Mumbai and parts of its northern regions, offering some respite from the excessive heat wave. But rainfall has been below normal for the nation as a whole, causing fears about agriculture and the levels of water in dams.

According to IMD figures, rainfall for the period up to June 23 was 60.6 mm, which means the country had received only 43% of its seasonal average up to that date.

Why is the Monsoon so significant?

The southwest monsoon accounts for about 70-80% of rainfall in the country from June to September. Rainfall is essential for farming, replenishing rivers and dams, and providing water supply to domestic users and industry.

Even today, agriculture is heavily dependent on the monsoon. Nearly 45% of Indians earn their living from farming activities.

Why has the rainfall remained below average?

According to meteorologists, the poor start of the monsoon season has been attributed to the phenomenon of El Niño, which causes changes in the ocean temperature and the weather system. The occurrence of El Niño results in low rainfall in India and high temperatures across much of the world.

In addition, climatologists have observed that global warming is changing rain patterns and causing frequent heat waves and unpredictable monsoons.

What steps have been taken?

There have been steps taken due to the lack of water supply in Mumbai. In Mumbai, the authorities have banned the use of water for construction purposes and the maintenance of swimming pools.

The Ministry of Agriculture, Union, has announced contingency measures for 315 districts that could face drought conditions due to the lack of rainfall. This includes fixing up the dams, reservoirs, streams, and ponds, as well as improving water conservation methods and storage methods.

The monsoon season will continue moving forward in the coming weeks. The rain that will fall in the remaining period will be very significant for agricultural purposes.