NHAI’s Sustainability Push Cuts Emissions Amid Highway Expansion

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) has reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 10% in 2025, despite a 15% increase in highway construction. This article examines NHAI’s green initiatives, their impacts, and challenges in sustainable infrastructure development.

NHAI oversees 150,000 km of highways, with 10,000 km added in 2025. Green initiatives include low-carbon cement, reducing emissions by 20% per km, and 1 million trees planted along highways, sequestering 50,000 tonnes of CO2 annually. Solar-powered toll plazas and LED lighting cut energy use by 30%. The Delhi-Mumbai Expressway, a flagship project, uses recycled materials for 10% of construction.

Economically, highway expansion supports 2 million jobs and boosts GDP by 1%. Green initiatives save $100 million annually in energy costs, while carbon credits generate $10 million. Critics argue that construction emissions, at 20 million tonnes of CO2 yearly, offset gains, and land acquisition displaces 50,000 families annually, raising equity concerns.

Environmentally, NHAI’s efforts align with India’s net-zero 2070 goal. Recycled materials reduce waste by 15%, and afforestation enhances biodiversity. However, critics note that heavy machinery and asphalt production emit 5 million tonnes of CO2, and deforestation for highways threatens 100,000 hectares. Sustainable sourcing is critical to net gains.

Challenges include cost and enforcement. Green materials cost 10% more, requiring $500 million in additional funding. Inconsistent state-level adoption, with only 60% of projects using low-carbon cement, hinders progress. Critics urge stricter regulations to ensure compliance across 28 states.

Community engagement mitigates displacement. NHAI’s resettlement programs support 30,000 families, and training creates 10,000 green jobs. Public campaigns highlight reduced air pollution, but critics note that affected communities need better compensation.

Globally, NHAI’s model aligns with China’s green highways. Collaboration with the World Bank could enhance technology, but critics argue that rapid expansion prioritizes growth over sustainability, risking long-term environmental costs.

Long-term success requires innovation. Digital monitoring of emissions and $200 million in R&D for low-carbon materials will drive progress. Government subsidies and carbon markets are vital, but critics urge addressing displacement equitably.

Conclusion

NHAI’s sustainability push cuts emissions by 10% amid highway growth, supporting India’s green goals. Addressing costs, enforcement, and displacement will ensure sustainable infrastructure development.

Source:Times of India